Dr. Sheila Carapico, Professor of Political Science and International Studies, discusses her new book, Political Aid and Arab Activism: Democracy Promotion, Justice, and Representation, published recently by Cambridge University Press. In this book, Dr. Carapcio examines what it means to promote “transitions to democracy” in the Middle East. Have North American, European, and multilateral projects advanced human rights, authoritarian retrenchment, or Western domination?